PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.